Dark Hidden Secrets Of Science

Berkeley Lab’s Oct. 26 Science at the Theater event, “Dark Secrets: What Science Say Us About the Hidden Universe,” was controversial: more ...

Berkeley Lab’s Oct. 26 Science at the Theater event, “Dark Secrets: What Science Say Us About the Hidden Universe,” was controversial: more than 600 people packed the Berkeley Repertory Theater and more than a hundred people had to be turned away.

Berkeley Lab Head of Public Affairs Jeff Miller presented the event and presented program director John Fowler, health and science editor for KTVU Channel 2, as well as Berkeley Lab astrophysicists and scientists Simon Perlmutter, David Schlegel and Alexie Leauthaud.

Perlmutter talked about how dark energy was discovered, using bright stars especially called Type Ia supernovae as “ordinary candles” to measure the speed of the Universe. The trick is to compare how far the supernova is (and thus how far back in time) and the expansion of the Universe from there. Instead of slowing down as fast as they expected, they experienced a rapid increase, driven by unknown dark forces.

Schlegel described baryon acoustic oscillations, giving astronomers a "standard control" to measure the increase than conventional candles. The number of galaxies is multiplied every 450 million light-years across. These baryon oscillations are formed by sound waves in plasma as the liquid of the first universe and leave their mark on the temperature change of the cosmic microwave background, so the ruler can be used from early times.

Leauthaud delivered his speech to measure the number of black matter in the universe, using what Einstein predicted were deep curves. Because the mass of invisible black matter distorts the images of galaxies behind it, scientists are able to calculate how much black matter there is, and use these scales to study how the mass of matter formed in the Universe.

These discussions were followed by a question-and-answer session that went so far that the theater had to be closed. The evening has shown interest in the fact that the geographical mysteries and the end of the Universe affect people even amid global concerns about jobs, finances and other concerns.

To find out more about how scientists try to find the essence of dark energy, see the three-part series, “The Changing Demons for Dark Energy.” The first part deals with supernovae, the second part deals with baryon acoustic oscillation, and the third part describes the cleansing power.
Prior to the start of the show, Berkeley Lab Communications Group Head Doug Isbell, representing the International Astronomy year, set up a telescope on the side of the road (including an inexpensive but high-end model made by international staff) outside the theater to watch the Moon and Jupiter. Telescopes proved to be popular with the crowd and kept him busy throughout the program.


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